Gaining Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the UK after 5 years is a major step toward permanent residency and eventually British citizenship. ILR allows you to live, work, and study in the UK without immigration restrictions. However, the application process can be complex, with strict requirements that must be met.
In this guide, we’ll cover who is eligible for ILR after 5 years, the key requirements, the step-by-step application process, and common mistakes to avoid to help you secure your UK settlement successfully.
What is Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)?
Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is a permanent immigration status that allows non-UK citizens to stay in the UK indefinitely. Unlike visas that require renewal, ILR removes restrictions on employment, travel, and access to public benefits.
Once you have held ILR for 12 months, you may also be eligible to apply for British citizenship, making it an essential step toward full integration into the UK.
Who is Eligible for ILR After 5 Years?
You can apply for ILR after five years in the UK if you hold a visa that leads to settlement. The most common visa categories that qualify include:
1 Skilled Worker Visa (formerly Tier 2 General Visa)
2 Spouse Visa (married to a British citizen or settled person)
3 Ancestry Visa
4 Global Talent Visa
5 Innovator or Start-up Visa
6 UK Investor Visa (Tier 1, now closed to new applicants)
If you are on a different visa type, check the UK Home Office ILR requirements to confirm whether your visa qualifies.
General ILR Requirements for the 5-Year Route
To qualify for ILR in the UK after five years, you must meet the following criteria:
1. Continuous Residence Requirement
📌 You must have legally lived in the UK for five consecutive years.
📌 You must not have spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period.
📌 Absences must be for valid reasons (e.g., work, family emergencies, or travel).
2. English Language Requirement
📌 You must prove B1-level English proficiency through:
- An approved English test, OR
- A degree taught in English from a recognized institution.
📌 If you are from an English-speaking country (e.g., the USA, Canada, Australia), you are automatically exempt.
3. Life in the UK Test
📌 This test assesses your knowledge of British history, values, and laws.
📌 You need a minimum score of 75% to pass.
📌 You can retake the test if you don’t pass the first time.
4. Good Character Requirement
📌 You must not have any criminal convictions, immigration violations, or financial issues (e.g., unpaid debts to the UK government).
5. Financial Stability (If Applicable)
📌 Some visa categories (e.g., Spouse Visa) require proof that you meet the minimum income threshold.
For Spouse Visa holders:
- The minimum annual income required is £18,600 (higher if you have children).
- You can meet this requirement through salary, self-employment, savings, or pensions.
How to Apply for ILR After 5 Years: Step-by-Step Process
Step 1: Confirm Your Eligibility
Before applying, ensure you meet the ILR eligibility criteria for your visa type. If you have exceeded 180 days of absence or have not yet passed the Life in the UK Test, resolve these issues before proceeding.
Step 2: Gather Your Supporting Documents
Prepare the following ILR application documents:
✅ Valid passport and current visa
✅ Biometric Residence Permit (BRP)
✅ Proof of continuous residence (utility bills, tenancy agreements, council tax)
✅ Payslips and employment confirmation (for work visa holders)
✅ Marriage certificate (for Spouse Visa holders)
✅ English language test certificate (if required)
✅ Life in the UK Test pass certificate
✅ Bank statements (for financial proof, if applicable)
Step 3: Complete the Online ILR Application Form
You must submit your ILR application on the official UK Home Office website. Carefully review your details, as errors can lead to delays or rejections.
Step 4: Book and Attend Your Biometric Appointment
You will need to visit a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) center to:
Provide fingerprints and a photograph
Submit your supporting documents
Verify your identity
Step 6: Wait for Your ILR Decision
Processing times for ILR applications vary:
–Standard processing: Up to 6 months
–Priority service: Within 5 working days
–Super-priority service: 24 hours
Common ILR Application Mistakes to Avoid
🚫 Failing the Life in the UK Test – Book your test early to allow time for retakes if needed.
🚫 Exceeding the Absence Limit – If you’ve spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period, your application could be refused.
🚫 Submitting Incorrect or Incomplete Documents – Missing paperwork can delay or lead to rejection. Double-check all requirements before submission.
🚫 Not Meeting the Financial Requirement – If you’re applying as a spouse or dependent, ensure you provide evidence of your financial stability.
🚫 Criminal Convictions or Immigration Violations – Any past legal issues could impact your application. Seek legal advice if unsure.
What Happens After ILR is Approved?
Once your ILR application is successful, you will:
✅ Receive a Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) confirming your ILR status.
✅ No longer need a visa to stay in the UK.
✅ Have full access to work, study, and public services.
✅ Be able to apply for British citizenship after 12 months (if eligible).
✅ Be allowed to travel freely, but avoid staying outside the UK for more than 2 years, or your ILR may be revoked.
Final Thoughts
Applying for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the UK after 5 years is a crucial step toward securing permanent residency. By understanding the eligibility criteria, preparing the right documents, and avoiding common mistakes, you can improve your chances of a successful ILR application.
If you are unsure about any part of the process, consider seeking professional immigration advice to ensure everything goes smoothly.
