Exposure to hazardous chemicals, debris, or irritants is a daily risk in many workplaces, laboratories, and industrial environments. One of the most critical safety measures in these settings is the eyewash station—a life-saving device designed to quickly flush harmful substances from the eyes and prevent long-term injury.
Knowing how to use an eyewash station correctly can mean the difference between minor discomfort and serious, permanent damage to your vision. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the step-by-step process of using an eyewash station, best practices for ensuring workplace safety, and key maintenance tips for these vital emergency devices.
Why Eyewash Stations Are Essential
Eyewash stations are installed in workplaces to provide immediate first aid for eye injuries caused by:
- Chemical splashes (acidic or alkaline substances)
- Flying debris or dust
- Metal shavings, wood particles, or glass fragments
- Smoke, fumes, or vapors
- Bodily fluids or biological hazards
Eye injuries can escalate quickly if not addressed immediately. That’s why proper training and awareness about using eyewash stations are crucial for all employees in high-risk environments.
Step-by-Step Guide: How to Use an Eyewash Station
Step 1: Reach the Eyewash Station Immediately
Time is critical. If a chemical or foreign object enters your eye, head directly to the nearest eyewash station. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) guidelines state that an eyewash station should be located within 10 seconds of any hazardous work area.
If possible, have a coworker assist you by guiding you to the station, as impaired vision may make it difficult to locate.
Step 2: Activate the Eyewash Station
Most eyewash stations are designed for hands-free operation once activated. Depending on the type of eyewash station available, you may need to:
- Push a lever forward
- Step on a foot pedal
- Pull a knob to release water
The water should flow immediately and continuously at a consistent pressure. Ensure that the streams are hitting both eyes evenly.
Step 3: Keep Your Eyes Open and Flush Thoroughly
Position your face so that the water directly streams into your eyes. Hold your eyelids open using your fingers to ensure the flushing solution reaches all areas of the eye, including under the eyelids, where chemicals or particles may be trapped.
Step 4: Continue Rinsing for at Least 15 Minutes
The 15-minute rule is a widely accepted safety standard for flushing the eyes. Even if the irritation seems to subside, do not stop flushing prematurely. The duration is necessary to fully dilute harmful chemicals and remove debris from the eyes.
For severe chemical exposures (e.g., acids, alkalis, or caustic substances), rinse for 20 minutes or longer and seek medical attention immediately.
Step 5: Move Your Eyeballs in All Directions
While flushing, rotate your eyes in all directions—left, right, up, and down—to ensure the entire surface of the eye and inner eyelid areas are thoroughly rinsed. This helps to remove any residual contaminants.
Step 6: Remove Contact Lenses (If Applicable)
If you are wearing contact lenses, try to remove them as soon as possible. Flushing with contacts in place may trap chemicals or debris against the eye, leading to prolonged exposure and further irritation or damage.
If the contacts do not come out easily, continue flushing and allow them to loosen naturally.
Step 7: Seek Medical Attention Immediately
After using the eyewash station, do not delay in seeking medical care. Even if your eyes feel better, chemicals or particles may still be causing internal damage that is not immediately visible.
- Mild exposures: If irritation persists after flushing, consult an occupational health specialist or visit an urgent care facility.
- Severe exposures: If the eyes feel burned, blurry, or painful, call 911 or visit an emergency room immediately.
Step 8: Report the Incident
After receiving medical attention, inform your workplace safety supervisor or manager about the incident. Proper reporting ensures that corrective actions are taken to prevent similar accidents in the future.
Best Practices for Eyewash Station Use
To ensure maximum safety and effectiveness, follow these best practices:
- Familiarize yourself with the location of all eyewash stations in your work environment before an emergency occurs.
- Never obstruct an eyewash station. Keep the area clear of equipment, boxes, or other obstacles.
- Test the station regularly to ensure proper water flow and functionality. OSHA requires that eyewash stations be activated at least once weekly to verify their operation.
- Know the types of hazards present in your workplace so you can respond appropriately in an emergency.
Common Eyewash Station Mistakes (and How to Avoid Them)
Even with proper training, mistakes can occur. Here are some common errors and how to avoid them:
❌ Not Reaching the Station Quickly Enough
✅ Solution: Always be aware of the nearest eyewash station and take the most direct route in an emergency.
❌ Closing Your Eyes While Rinsing
✅ Solution: Keep your eyelids open, even if it feels uncomfortable, to allow water to reach every part of the eye.
❌ Flushing for Less Than 15 Minutes
✅ Solution: Set a timer or have a coworker monitor the flushing time to ensure the full 15-minute rinse.
❌ Using Contaminated or Inadequate Water Flow
✅ Solution: Perform regular maintenance checks to ensure clean water and proper pressure at all times.
Maintenance and Inspection of Eyewash Stations
Workplaces should establish a routine maintenance schedule to keep eyewash stations fully functional. Here’s what to check regularly:
- Weekly activation tests to confirm proper water flow and drainage.
- Inspection of water temperature, ensuring it falls within the recommended range of 60–100°F (16–38°C).
- Cleaning nozzles and flushing mechanisms to prevent bacterial contamination.
- Ensuring the unit is clearly labeled and easily accessible at all times.
OSHA and ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standards require that plumbed eyewash stations deliver a consistent, uninterrupted water supply for a minimum of 15 minutes at 0.4 gallons per minute (GPM).
Final Thoughts
Knowing how to use an eyewash station effectively can prevent irreversible eye damage and save vision. Whether you’re working in a laboratory, manufacturing plant, or any environment with potential eye hazards, being prepared for an emergency is essential.
By acting quickly, flushing properly, and seeking medical care, you can protect your eyesight and prevent serious injuries. Encourage workplace safety by ensuring that everyone in your team is trained on eyewash station procedures.
Remember: When it comes to eye safety, every second counts!
